Burner for burning oil and other liquid fuel



E. CLEARY. BURNER'FOR BURNING OIL AND OTHER LIQLEID FUEL APPLICATION FILED APR. 15, I920.

Patented June 7, 19211;

E. CLEARY. BURNER FOR BURN ING OIL AND OTHER LIQUID FUEL.

APPLICATION FILEDJWR. I5, 1920- Paten'ted Julie 1921. 3 SHEETSSHEET 2- Z wwz eag E. CLEARY. BURNER FOR BURNING OIL AND OTHER LIQUID FUEL.

APPLICATION mso APR. 15. 1920.

Patented June 7, 1921 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

STATES FE r PAT

EDWIN CLEARY, OF LONDON, ENG-LAN D.

BURNER FOR BURNING OIL AND OTHER LIQUID FUEL.

Application filed April 15, 1920. Serial No. 374,138.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN CLEARY, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at London, England, have invented new and useful Improvements in and Relating to Burners for Burning Oil and other Liquid Fuel, of which the following is a specifica: tion.

This invention relates to burners for burning oil, more especially kerosene, paraffin and other mineral oils, including crude mineral. oil, also applicable for use with other liquid fuels, such as spirits, of vegetable or mineral origin, in such a manner as to produce a clean flame of great heating power, which may be used for cooking and general heating purposes, or for lighting by incandescence.

My improved burner is of the kind wherein the oil or other liquid fuel, hereinafter re ferred to as oil, is forced from a container, 0. 9., by air pressure, into an extended heating conduit, whence it passes in an aeriform condition into an injector tube where it is mixed with air and the mixture discharged into a mixing box or chamber provided with flame aperturesin its upper part and also in its bottom wall around the injector tube, these lower flames serving to heat the extended heating conduit.

According to my invention, the extended heating conduit comprises a vertical conduit or vessel that is packed at its lower and middle parts only with wire gauze or the like, its unpacked upper end being connected by an unpacked horizontal conduit that is preferably short and straight and extends across the under side of an annular plate, the upper side of which has the lower flames of the mixing box impinging upon it. The other end of the horizontal conduit is connected to the nozzle through a vertical conduit. The

mixing box and its injector tube are connected together, the injector tube being fitted friction tight in the interior aperture of the annular plate so as to be detachable, and being advantageously fitted with a wire gauze diaphragm across its upper end.

By means of my improved burner, it has been found that the oil in the extended conduit is gradually heated without the formation of deposit. The space below the annular plate is surrounded by a tubular casing of known construction but which is extended up to the mixing box in such a manner that an annular air space is left between the. in-

cas ng.

terior of the tubular casing and the periph cry of the mixing box, the lower end of the tubular casing being left open. By this means air can circulate through the burner to support combustion and shape the flame, which may be either the permanent flame used for heating, cooking or lighting, etc.; or that produced by the combustion of spirit or like combustible fluid in the initial heating of the burner.

The mixing box is provided on its upper surface with jet-apertures adapted to form a flame for heating. a cooking vessel, kettle or other object, or it may be combined with a head for receiving a mantle or other body for lighting by incandescence. The burner may also be provided with interchangeable mixing boxes, so that it may be used for heating or cooking and for lighting as desired.

In the accompanying drawings 1 have shown how my said invention may be conveniently and advantageously carried into practice. In these drawings:-

Figure 1 is a side elevation of one form of my improved lamp.

Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of the I burner.

Fig. 3 is a view of the burner looking in a direction at an angle of 45 degrees tothat of Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. l is a plan view of the burner with the mixing box and attached outer tubular casing removed.

Fig. 5 is a plan of the mixing box with the outer tubular casing attached thereto.

Fig. 6 is a vertical central section of the mixing box, injector tube and outer tubular V 7 shows in side elevation a mixing box having combined therewith a head for receiving a mantle or other device for lighting by incandescence, and

Fig. 8 is a corresponding plan. 7 Figs. 9 and 10 are side elevations of my improved burner adapted for'use as a stove and as a lamp respectively.

The burner comprises a T-piece the vertical member A of which is connected to a pipe extending down to the bottom of the Fig.

oil container B, and which is detachably connected by a suitable union to an aperture in the top of said container. The container B is here shown with a filling aperture closed by a screw cap 0 provided with an air valve D of known construction, whereby the space above the oil in the container may be conveniently put'into and out of communication with the outer atmosphere. An air-pump E is also provided on the container for producing an air-pressure on the surface of the oil so as to drive it up the extension pipe into the vertical member A of the T-piece. j

The horizontal member F of the T-piece is provided with. aneedle-valve G which controls the passage of oil. from the vertical member A into a lateral aperture H in the lower part of the vertical tube J which is packed to within a short distance from its upper end with a wire-gauze cartridge K and has its lower end closed by a screw plug L, so as to permit of the convenient removal and "replacement of the wire-' tube N gauze K. v V

The gauze packing K in the tubular chamber J takes up any sulfur, excess carbon or other deleterious matter thatmay beseparated from or carried along with the oil,

and can be rapidly removed and replaced by a new gauze-cartridge when clogged. The upper end of the tube J is combined with anannular plate M and communicates with a tube N that is formed integrally with the underside of the plate M and opens near its other end into the upper end of adownwardly extending pipe 0, the endof. the being closed by a screw plug P "so as to permit of its interior being readily cleaned.

The pipe 0 is closed at itslower' end by a screw plug and opens near its lower end into a horizontal passage R in a piece S into which there is screwed a nozzle T, whereby a jet ofoil gas is projected into the open lower end of an injector tube V which fits friction tight in the central hole of the annular plate M and opens through a wire gauze diaphragm W into a cylindrical mixing box Z. By this means the mixing box can be readily removed and replaced by another according to the purpose for which the lamp is to be used. The lower surface of the box Z, rests on screws 1, 1 projecting from the upper surface of the plate M and forming distance pieces whereby the box is held at a suitable distance above the plate to permit flames to issue from jet-apertures 2, 2 in the lower part of the boxand heat theplate M and through the latter the extended conduit formed by the tubes, J, N, O. Other suitable distance-pieces can however be employed, 0., g. projections formed integrally with the annular plate or with the mixing box. The upper part of the mixing box Z is provided with jet-apertures 3, 3 from which issue the flames whereby the cooking vessel or other desired object is heated. If desired, the mixing box may be provided with internal baffles arranged in any suitable manner, In the construct o --shown (Fig. 5) the central part of the upper end wall of the mixing box is unperforated, the perforations 3, 3 being of increasedsize toward the periphery of said wall. By this means the rush of gas and air through the injector tube is checked and the oil gas and air are thoroughly mixed so as to burn quietly;

Around the mixing box and at ashort distance therefrom there is arranged a tu bular casing t which surrounds the extended conduit J, N, 0 and extends to a short dis tance below the nozzle piece S so as to conserve the heat and assist the initial heating up of the burner, which is effected by placing methylated spirit or other light hydro carbon in an annular trough 5 arranged around the vertical member A of the T- piece A, F. v

In Fig. 9, one form of my improved stove is shown adapted for use for heating, cooking and like uses and is accordingly provided with a :trivet 6, which is supported by'means of standards 7 7 and on which a kettle, saucepan. or other vessel can be placed.

Figs. 7,, 8, and 10 showa lamp adapted for lighting by incandescence. Here the miizing box Z is combined with a burner head 8 of any well-known construction on which a mantle 9 can be supported on a fork 10. A gallery 11 is also mounted on the upper edge of the casing 4', to receive a globelfl.

'The mixing chamber when'the lamp is burning becomes highly heated and serves to superheat the gaseous mixture so that very perfect combustion is obtained. The high heating of this chamber and of the gauze-packed chamber and adjacent parts enables practically the whole of the oil beyond the valve to be vaporized or gasified so that there is no risk of the burner being clogged by oil remaining therein when the lamp is not in use.

The burner box may if desired be formed of two concentric shells, the lower one consisting of anannular box, open at the top withor without an inturned flange at its upper edge and the upper one consisting of a dome having a downward peripheral cylindrical extension arranged at a short distance from the peripheral wall and flange of the lower shell so as to leave an annular space through which the combustible mixture can pass upwardly and outwardly to the flame.

What I claim is l. A burner for liquid fuel, comprising an annular metal plate, a vertical tubular conduit or vessel thermally connected at its upper end to said plate and having an inlet for liquid fuel at its lower end, metal packing in the middle and lower parts of packed conduit thermally connected to said annular plate and communicating at one end with the upper end of the vertical conduit, a second vertical conduit extending down from said annular plate and communicating at its upper end with the otherend of said horlzontal conduit, a nozzle connected to the lower end of the second vertical conduit, an injector tube re-' two vertical conduits and the horizontal con-' duit connecting'their upper ends.

2. A burner for liquid fuel comprising an annular metal plate, a vertical tubular conduit or vessel thermally connected at its upper end to said plate and having an inlet for liquid fuel at its lower end, packing loosely filling said conduit except at the upper end thereof, a substantially horizontal unpacked conduit thermally connected to the underside of said annular plate and communicating at one end with the upper end of the vertical conduit, a second vertical conduit extending down from said annular plate and communicating at its upper end with the other end of said horizontal conduit, a nozzle connected to the lower end of the second vertical conduit, an injector tube removably arranged in the opening of said annular plate and having its lower open end opposite to and coaxial with said nozzle, a mixing box mounted on and communicating with the upper end of said injector tube and having flame-apertures in its upper part and in its lower wall, means maintaining said mixing box and the annular plate in separated relation, a perforated diaphragm extending across the upper end of the injector tube, and a valve arranged in the heating conduit formed by the two vertical conduits and the horizontal conduit connecting their upper ends.

8. A burner for liquid fuel, comprising an annular metal plate, a vertical tubular conduit or vessel thermally connected at its upper end to said plate and having an inlet for liquid fuel at its lower end, metal packing in the middle and lower parts of said vessel, a substantially horizontal unpacked conduit thermally connected to said annular plate and communicating at one end'with the upper, end of the vertical conduit, a second vertical conduit extending down from said annular plate and communicating at its upper end with the other end of said horizontal conduit, a nozzle connected to the lower end of the second vertical conduit, an injector tube removably arranged in the opening of said annular plate and having its lower open end in register with said nozzle, a mixing box mounted on and communicating with the upper end of said injector tube and having flame-apertures in its upper part, the lower wall of said mixing box being arranged at a short distance above the annular plate and being provided with flame-apertures directed toward said plate, a valve arranged in the heating conduit formed by the two vertical conduits and the horizontal conduit connecting their upper ends, and a tubular casing arranged around the liquid fuel conduits and injector, such tubular casing extending around the outer periphery of the mixing box and being of such diameter as to leave an annular airspace between its interior wall and the periphery of the mixing box.

i. A burner for liquid fuel comprising an annular metal plate, a vertical tubular conduit thermally connected at its upper end to said plate and having an inlet for liquid fuel at its lower end, packing loosely-filling said conduit except at its upper end, a-

substantially horizontal unpacked conduit thermally'connected to the under side of the annular plate and communicating at one end with the upper end of the vertical conduit,

a second vertical conduit extending down from said annular plate and communicating at its upper end with the other end of said horizontal conduit, a nozzle connected to the lower end or" the second vertical conduit, a valve arranged in the heating conduit formed by the two vertical conduits and the horizontal conduit connecting their upper ends and a )luralit of interchan eable in jector tubes each adapted tofit frictiontight in the opening of the annular plate and having its lower open end opposite to and coaxial with said nozzle, a'mixing box mounted on and communicating with the upper end of each injector tube and having flame-apertures in its upper part and in its,

lower wall, means for maintaining said mixing box and annular plate inseparated relation, and a support for a mantle for lighting by incandescence arranged on one of such mixing boxes.

EDlVIN CLEARY. Witnesses:

JOHN T. KNOWLES, CONRAD AnNoLD. 

